Kev sib txuas ntxiv yog ib txoj kev tshiab ntawm kev phais mob thiab kev kho mob, suav nrog kev cuam tshuam rau sab hauv thiab tsis vascular cuam tshuam. Tom qab xyoo lawm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, nws tau raug hu ua peb tus ncej kev qhuab qhia ua ke nrog kev phais mob thiab kho mob sab hauv. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev kho mob pabcuam yog hais txog kev siv thev naus laus zis tsawg kawg rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov kabmob los ntawm cov kabmob hnoos qeev raws li cov lus taw qhia ntawm cov khoom siv (lub tshuab ua pa, tshuab tshuab fluoroscopy, CT, Mr, B ultrasound, thiab lwm yam), siv rab koob hno, ntsuas pa, stent thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Ib ceg tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob ntxiv yog kev cuam tshuam peripheral vascular, uas yog hais txog kev thev naus laus zis ntawm kev kuaj mob lossis kev kho mob ntawm lwm cov hlab ntshav tshwj tsis yog cov leeg ntshav mob thiab cov hlab ntshav txhaws los ntawm vascular puncture nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm cov cuab yeej kho mob, tsis suav cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev kuaj mob lossis kev kho mob ntawm cov qog ntshav los ntawm txoj kev vascular.
Peripheral vascular kab mob, paub tias mob vascular nyob rau hauv Suav cov tshuaj. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob tau nce ntau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, xws li arterial stenosis, arteriovenous thrombosis, aneurysm thiab lwm yam. Peripheral artery stenosis thiab occlusive disease, feem ntau ntawm atherosclerosis, mob ntshav qab zib, mob caj pas thiab lwm yam, feem ntau yog ua kom zoo li daim tawv nqaij kub txo, mob leeg nqaij, mob ntshav tsis tuaj yeem kov lossis tsis muaj zog, cuam tshuam claudication, cuam tshuam loj heev povtseg necrosis, txawm tias txiav caj dab, lub neej hnyav - hem thawj; Cov kab mob ntsig ntsig ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav stasis thiab o ntawm cov ceg tawv nqaij cuam tshuam, thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tuag taus pulmonary embolism; aneurysmal kab mob muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib tawg, los ntshav thiab tuag thaum lub sijhawm twg los tau.
Tus kab mob leeg ntshav muaj qhov muaj mob xiam oob qhab loj thiab muaj tej yam kev tuag, kev kho mob yog tsawg, kev kho mob phais yog qhov kev kho tsis zoo, thiab cov nyhuv tsawg. Xyoo 1964, kws kho mob Asmeskas D. Yuba thiab ludkil. Tsim tus txheej txheem tsis yog phais rau kev kho mob ntawm cov leeg kab mob vascular. Xyoo 1972, gnuntzig tau tsim lub lumen zais pa catheter, uas ua rau thev naus laus zis paub tab. Txij thaum ntawd los, peb tau tsim cov duab laser angioplasty, dynamic angioplasty (tig catheter), intravascular stent, ultrasound angioplasty, kho txoj kev kho mob thiab intravascular radiotherapy kom tiv thaiv kev rov ua mob. Nrog cov kev nruam ntej ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho, cov cim tau nthuav dav, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kho tau pom tseeb. Cov khoom siv yuav raug muab sib xyaw, kev lom neeg thiab kev kho mob, thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tau yooj yim dua. Tam sim no, cov twj tso tawm dej hiav txwv thiab cov leeg nqaij txhaws tseem yog txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, intravascular radiotherapy thiab kho txoj kev kho noob yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li, ntau thiab ntau qhov kev mob ntawm cov leeg ntshav tuaj yeem kho los ntawm kev cuam tshuam vascular cuam tshuam, thiab nws txoj kev ua tau zoo tsis tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm cov tshuaj thiab phais mob.
Tam sim no, kev cuam tshuam kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob leeg ntshav yog siv dav hauv kev kho mob. Kev kho mob ntxaws ntxaws yog yooj yim thiab nyab xeeb, siv tsawg tsawg, tsis tshua pom kev, qhov chaw muaj tseeb, rov ua dua thiab lwm yam zoo. Qhov kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kho mob ntsig txog cov leeg ntshav tau tsim los ntawm thawj caj npab mus rau cov leeg loj thiab leeg ntshav, thiab txawm tias yuav luag txhua cov hlab ntshav hauv tag nrho lub cev. Nyob rau tam sim no, kev ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws kev kho mob yog iliac, femoral, lub raum thiab qis qis vena cava stenosis. Cov ntau ntawm kev kho ntxiv yog feem ntau peb yam kab mob: vascular stenosis lossis occlusion, vascular dilatation thiab vascular malformation.
Nyob rau tam sim no, cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho kev kho mob rau cov kabmob ntsig qaum nrog cov kabmob muaj kabmob ua pa zais pa angioplasty thiab stent kev tso kawm. Qhov taw qhia zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub pob zais pa angioplasty yog nruab nrab loj los yog lub nkoj loj ntawm qhov tsis txaus, cais ntu luv stenosis, tom qab los ntawm ntau yam, tawg luv ntu ntu stenosis thiab occlusion. Ntev mus ntev los yog txham ntawm lub cev, cov kab mob me me ntawm lub nkoj, kev mob plab los yog mob stenosis lossis calcified stenosis lossis occlusion tsis haum rau kev kho PTA. Kev pov pob zais pa angioplasty, stent muab tso rau hauv ntu kab mob kis los txhawb cov hlab ntshav hauv ntu stenosis thiab occlusion ntu, txo qhov elastic thim rov qab thiab kho cov hlab ntshav, thiab ua kom cov ntshav ntws tsis muaj ntshav. Qee qhov xau nyob sab hauv kuj tseem muaj txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv kev txwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib txuas catheter thrombectomy thiab tiv tauj thrombolysis nrog indwelling catheter yog ua tau rau kev kho mob ntawm arteriovenous thrombosis. Piv nrog kev phais mob, nws muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg, muaj kev phom sij tsawg dua, kev muaj lub siab ntev ntawm cov neeg mob thiab cov nyhuv zoo dua li kev siv tshuaj. Hauv kev kho pob qij txha pob txha, txhav pob txha pob txha raug siv los txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ntshav vuam plab tsis zoo thiab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaws thiab ntshav tawm ntawm aneurysms.
Nrog cov kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev kho hluav taws xob, kev txhim kho peripheral vascular cov kev cuam tshuam tau dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem los ntawm percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) rau kev txhim kho ntawm dynamic angioplasty, laser angioplasty thiab intravascular stent, thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo; txij li xyoo 1990, txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob (kho tus mob 30%), kev kho cov noob thiab cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv tshuaj tua hluav taws xob hauv lub hlwb tau ua tiav qee qhov tshwm sim, thiab tseem yuav kawm ntxiv hauv 21st caug xyoo.
Nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tau tias nrog cov kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, kev nthuav dav txuas ntxiv ntawm kev ntsuas kev cuam tshuam, thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kho mob ntxiv, kev cuam tshuam cov leeg ntshav yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob.